My first kid's father named my son Marcus after legendary Marcus Garvey. Which made me curious to know more about who Marcus Garvey actually was?
"Up You Mighty Race
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The following text is dedicated to my eldest son Marcus.
Marcus Mosiah Garvey was born on August the 17, 1887, in St Ann's Bay, Jamaica as the youngest of 11 children.
Marcus Garvey was known as a journalist, entrepreneur, publisher and a crusader for black nationalism. During his whole life, he has fought for racial equality.
Childhood years
In St Ann's Bay
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Garvey's father, who was the owner of a private library, encouraged young Marcus' love for books.
During his apprentice period, Marcus used to discuss politics and social affairs at his uncle's place.
In 1906, Garvey moved from St Ann to Kingston.
In 1908
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Luckily, he was employed by the Government Printing Office.
Visiting the world
Around 1910, Marcus Garvey left Jamaica for Costa Rica. There, he worked as a time keeper at a panana plantation. Then he went to Central America, visited the Panama Central Zone. He observed Blacks and Indians hard working conditions. He also traveled to Equador, Nicaragua
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Very sensitive about discrimination and racial prejudice, Marcus Garvey always had the will to make things change. That's why he appealed to his government in order to improve West Indians working conditions. But the government just wouldn't listen to his complaint.
Garvey, the publisher
Marcus Garvey's first publications started during his Central American travels.
In 1910, Garvey started his first newspaper, The Watcher, that was followed by several other short lived newspapers
He was also associated with several publications:
- The African Times and Orient Review
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-The Blackman, Kingston, Jamaica, 1929-1931
-The New Jamaican, Kingston
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Marcus Garvey started The Black Man Magazine in 1933 in Kingston. His magazine was continued in England until 1939.
Black militantism: the creation of the UNIA-ACL
In 1916, Marcus Garvey went to the USA and gave a lecture tour.
In 1920, Garvey set up branches of the UNIA in more than 40 countries.
Garvey's ideas
Marcus Garvey fought for social, political and economic freedom for Black people.
He founded several companies like Black Star Line and Black Cross Navigation and Trading Company.
He also created the Negro Factories Corporation, which helped to created more marketable black businesses. Garvey was commercially very active: he started chains of groceries and restaurants and many other kind of businesses.
"Africa for the Home and Abroad!"
Marcus Garvey wanted Blacks to consider Africa as their permanent homeland:
In 1920, he worked on the ambitious project to develop African state Liberia by building colleges and industries , but he had to stop it, because of many European countries' political and economic interest in Liberia.
Mail fraud charges
Marcus Garvey was confronted by mail fraud charges in 1925 and sentenced to jail in 1925. He was jailed at Atlanta Federal prison. After his release in 1927, he was deported from New Orleans to Kingston, Jamaica
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Defending Blacks till his death
Marcus Garvey has never stopped fighting for the cause he found right.
In 1928, he went to Geneva. He presented the "Petition of the Negro Race" to the League of Nations, which was strongly against black people's abuse around the world.
In 1929, he founded the PPP (People's Political Party), which became Jamaica's first political party. This political party was all about helping poor people, education and workers' rights.
In 1929, Garvey was elected Councillor for the Allman Town division of the Kingston and St. Andrew Corporation (KSAC).
He was reelected in 1930.
In 1931
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In 1935, Marcus Garvey moved to London. He kept being involved in his activism till his death. Garvey died in London in 1940. He is considered as Jamaica's first national hero.
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Posted by CanvasJet on April 15th, 2016